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How To Get Rid Of Spyware
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Spyware is a virtual computer parasite that does just what the name suggests, it spies on you. It tracks your Internet usage by recording the websites that you visit. This is so companies can pitch products to you based on your surfing habits. However, spyware, in addition to seriously infringing on your privacy rights, will slow down your computer considerably because it is a program that is always running in the background. Once you get spyware attached to your computer, you could start getting so many popup ads that your computer could become totally unusable. Unfortunately, spyware is very easy to get and can be very difficult to get rid of. There are several good programs that you can download for free to help remove spyware from your computer. Programs such as AdAware and Spybot Search and Destroy may help get rid of some spyware, but may not be able to eliminate them all.Spyware uses multiple hidden processes to not only take over your web browser and produce dozens of pop up ads, but it can also disable your anti virus or anti spyware programs. This will leave you open and vulnerable to every new virus that is coming down the pike. What makes spyware so hard to get rid of is that is hides it's installers in different folders and will automatically reinstall if removal is attempted.Anti spyware programs can combat spyware in two different ways. Some programs will provide real time protection against the installation of spyware on your computer. It does this by scanning all incoming data for spyware threats and blocks anything that may be suspicious. Other programs may combat spyware by detecting and removing the spyware that may already be installed on your computer. These are the more popular types of programs and easier to use. You can schedule weekly or monthly scans of your computer to remove any spyware present.It is a good idea to make backups of any important files that may be on your computer prior to running any type of anti virus or anti spyware programs. Once the programs are ran and you feel that you have eliminated the spyware, make sure your computer's firewall is turned on. Frequently check the AdAware and Spybot sites for updates and download them when available. Get your hands on a high quality anti virus program and install in on your computer.Your privacy should be very important to you. No one has the right to collect information on you without your knowledge. Hopefully, in the years to come, laws will be enacted to make spyware programs illegal. But until that happens you have to do everything you can to protect yourself and to get rid of spyware on your computer. New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Monday, September 7, 2009
Common Spam Scams
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Common Spam Scams
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Along with spam advertisements hawking prescription medicines, 'cheap' mortgage rates and online gambling sites, there are a number of common scams whose sole goal is to separate you from your money.One well-known example, circulating for years now, is the Nigerian bank scam. The sender, allegedly the wife or relative of a former dictator or government official (usually in Nigeria, hence the name) tells the sad story of how millions were deposited in a bank account which is no longer accessible. In exchange for your help, they're willing to share this wealth - for a few mere thousands from your bank account for 'expenses'. As ludicrous as it seems, people fall for this every year. In one well-publicized case an elderly Czech man who had lost his life savings to this scam shot the Nigerian consul in Prague.Some Internet scams offer investment opportunities with huge paybacks. They usually claim to be risk-free, but once they have your money, you're very unlikely to see any return. Another common scam involves offering credit cards for those with bad credit ratings - just send a security deposit and processing fees. In return you get - that's right - nothing. And by the time you start to investigate, the scam artist has disappeared.Then there are the multilevel marketing schemes (MLMs), urging you to buy large quantities of the 'latest new product' - which you can resell for an easy profit while receiving a commission on each sale from the greater fool down the line. Once you've bought the merchandise, however, the distributor will have disappeared - sometimes without even sending the goods.Remember these offers are worse than even ordinary spam. Legitimate businesses do not promote their products by spamming. They e-mail selected groups, generally those who have purchased from them before or voluntarily offered an e-mail address. Other offers should usually be ignored. Simply hit your delete button. However, even highlighting the e-mail in order to delete it can signal a spammer that you received one. To fight that, see the article 'Fighting Spam' in this series.Never reply to spam. Doing so simply indicates to the spammer that your e-mail address is valid, and you'll receive more spam than before. Some spam contains a message offering to remove your e-mail address from their mailing list. Don't use even this service - it's nothing but another method for verifying e-mail addresses.Above all, never give your credit card number, bank account details or private data to anyone unknown over the Internet. PayPal, for example, and other legitimate online businesses will never ask for your password in an email. One common scam is to fake return addresses and tailor subject lines and content so the message appears to be from them or another financial institution 'confirming' your information. Don't fall for them.How do you know whether it's spam? Since, one man's spam is sometimes another's welcomed advertisement, there's no perfect answer. But there is one good rule of thumb: if you don't recognize the sender, it's probably not someone you want to hear from. After all, how many former dictators in Nigeria are you likely to know?New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Common Spam Scams
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Along with spam advertisements hawking prescription medicines, 'cheap' mortgage rates and online gambling sites, there are a number of common scams whose sole goal is to separate you from your money.One well-known example, circulating for years now, is the Nigerian bank scam. The sender, allegedly the wife or relative of a former dictator or government official (usually in Nigeria, hence the name) tells the sad story of how millions were deposited in a bank account which is no longer accessible. In exchange for your help, they're willing to share this wealth - for a few mere thousands from your bank account for 'expenses'. As ludicrous as it seems, people fall for this every year. In one well-publicized case an elderly Czech man who had lost his life savings to this scam shot the Nigerian consul in Prague.Some Internet scams offer investment opportunities with huge paybacks. They usually claim to be risk-free, but once they have your money, you're very unlikely to see any return. Another common scam involves offering credit cards for those with bad credit ratings - just send a security deposit and processing fees. In return you get - that's right - nothing. And by the time you start to investigate, the scam artist has disappeared.Then there are the multilevel marketing schemes (MLMs), urging you to buy large quantities of the 'latest new product' - which you can resell for an easy profit while receiving a commission on each sale from the greater fool down the line. Once you've bought the merchandise, however, the distributor will have disappeared - sometimes without even sending the goods.Remember these offers are worse than even ordinary spam. Legitimate businesses do not promote their products by spamming. They e-mail selected groups, generally those who have purchased from them before or voluntarily offered an e-mail address. Other offers should usually be ignored. Simply hit your delete button. However, even highlighting the e-mail in order to delete it can signal a spammer that you received one. To fight that, see the article 'Fighting Spam' in this series.Never reply to spam. Doing so simply indicates to the spammer that your e-mail address is valid, and you'll receive more spam than before. Some spam contains a message offering to remove your e-mail address from their mailing list. Don't use even this service - it's nothing but another method for verifying e-mail addresses.Above all, never give your credit card number, bank account details or private data to anyone unknown over the Internet. PayPal, for example, and other legitimate online businesses will never ask for your password in an email. One common scam is to fake return addresses and tailor subject lines and content so the message appears to be from them or another financial institution 'confirming' your information. Don't fall for them.How do you know whether it's spam? Since, one man's spam is sometimes another's welcomed advertisement, there's no perfect answer. But there is one good rule of thumb: if you don't recognize the sender, it's probably not someone you want to hear from. After all, how many former dictators in Nigeria are you likely to know?New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Firewalls - Part One
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Firewalls - Part One
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Network firewalls get the name from physical firewalls which prevent fire spreading from one section of a building to another. Firewalls are structures which strictly control access from one side to another.That's exactly what a network firewall does — restrict the flow of data and program instructions in or out of a system.There are two basic types of firewalls — hardware and software, though the distinction can be misleading. Hardware rarely does much without extra software to guide it, and software can't even exist without hardware. It has to be stored somewhere and execute on something.Hardware firewalls are commonly used between networks — for example between a corporate network and the Internet. The Internet is nothing more than a large set of mutually cooperating networks. Incoming traffic from the Internet is restricted to public access areas or to particular computers on the corporate network. Computers in the corporate network 'behind' the firewall access each other and the Internet.Internal firewalls within corporate networks are also used, typically to keep resources restricted to certain groups, or to prevent viruses infecting some groups from spreading to others.Software firewalls — called 'personal firewalls' — are more often used in personal computers which connect to the Internet. They're slower than hardware firewalls, which are specialized for that function, and they use resources on the individual's PC.Firewalls help prevent unauthorized access to systems by hackers or viruses. They control both inbound and outbound traffic according to a 'policy' established when the firewall is installed, or later configured. The policy determines which programs can access the Internet and what kind of incoming or outgoing traffic is allowed.Browsers, e-mail programs and some auto-updating programs (such as antivirus software) all require network access. A personal firewall can be set up to allow this kind of traffic, while disallowing others.Firewalls 'learn' which programs can access the Internet freely. The first time a program tries to connect to the Internet the firewall signals an alert. The user modifies the firewall policy by (dis)allowing that particular program to access the Internet. The rule of thumb is: if you don't recognize the program, don't allow access. Most installation software will specify what firewall settings are needed to run common programs properly.Hackers routinely scan computer networks looking for open 'ports' (numbers used by network software to distinguish traffic) through which they can gain access to your computer. Ports are individual entry connection points between the computer and the Internet. If a hacker can find an open port, it can be used to transmit a worm carrying a payload which can give the hacker control over your computer. Firewalls can close all unused ports.The best personal firewalls not only close ports, they hide their very existence. This means a hacker program scanning for open ports won't receive a reply to scan requests, rendering the system 'invisible'.That doesn't mean, unfortunately, that personal firewalls are invulnerable. Unlike hardware firewalls, personal firewalls are part of the computer system — they're just another program — and are just as vulnerable to virus attacks as any other. Some viruses target firewalls by modifying the policy file. If this happens your computer may become vulnerable to hackers even when you thought it was secure.Nevertheless, connecting to the Internet without using a firewall is ill-advised. Open ports are a vulnerability that can be easily exploited by hackers. To protect your firewall integrity be diligent about scanning incoming files for viruses, by using antivirus software and avoiding unexpected e-mail attachments.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Firewalls - Part One
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Network firewalls get the name from physical firewalls which prevent fire spreading from one section of a building to another. Firewalls are structures which strictly control access from one side to another.That's exactly what a network firewall does — restrict the flow of data and program instructions in or out of a system.There are two basic types of firewalls — hardware and software, though the distinction can be misleading. Hardware rarely does much without extra software to guide it, and software can't even exist without hardware. It has to be stored somewhere and execute on something.Hardware firewalls are commonly used between networks — for example between a corporate network and the Internet. The Internet is nothing more than a large set of mutually cooperating networks. Incoming traffic from the Internet is restricted to public access areas or to particular computers on the corporate network. Computers in the corporate network 'behind' the firewall access each other and the Internet.Internal firewalls within corporate networks are also used, typically to keep resources restricted to certain groups, or to prevent viruses infecting some groups from spreading to others.Software firewalls — called 'personal firewalls' — are more often used in personal computers which connect to the Internet. They're slower than hardware firewalls, which are specialized for that function, and they use resources on the individual's PC.Firewalls help prevent unauthorized access to systems by hackers or viruses. They control both inbound and outbound traffic according to a 'policy' established when the firewall is installed, or later configured. The policy determines which programs can access the Internet and what kind of incoming or outgoing traffic is allowed.Browsers, e-mail programs and some auto-updating programs (such as antivirus software) all require network access. A personal firewall can be set up to allow this kind of traffic, while disallowing others.Firewalls 'learn' which programs can access the Internet freely. The first time a program tries to connect to the Internet the firewall signals an alert. The user modifies the firewall policy by (dis)allowing that particular program to access the Internet. The rule of thumb is: if you don't recognize the program, don't allow access. Most installation software will specify what firewall settings are needed to run common programs properly.Hackers routinely scan computer networks looking for open 'ports' (numbers used by network software to distinguish traffic) through which they can gain access to your computer. Ports are individual entry connection points between the computer and the Internet. If a hacker can find an open port, it can be used to transmit a worm carrying a payload which can give the hacker control over your computer. Firewalls can close all unused ports.The best personal firewalls not only close ports, they hide their very existence. This means a hacker program scanning for open ports won't receive a reply to scan requests, rendering the system 'invisible'.That doesn't mean, unfortunately, that personal firewalls are invulnerable. Unlike hardware firewalls, personal firewalls are part of the computer system — they're just another program — and are just as vulnerable to virus attacks as any other. Some viruses target firewalls by modifying the policy file. If this happens your computer may become vulnerable to hackers even when you thought it was secure.Nevertheless, connecting to the Internet without using a firewall is ill-advised. Open ports are a vulnerability that can be easily exploited by hackers. To protect your firewall integrity be diligent about scanning incoming files for viruses, by using antivirus software and avoiding unexpected e-mail attachments.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Article Views: [ 393 ] Word Count: [ 621 ] [ Print Article ] [ Send Article To A Friend
Malware: Spyware And Adware
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Malware: Spyware And Adware
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Malware is any program designed to do harm, though sometimes what's considered harmful is a bit vague. Viruses, Trojans, spyware, adware, pop-ups, even spam and more have all qualified. Sometimes, though, one man's junk is another man's treasure.AdwareAdware actually has two flavors - software supported with advertising, or a more malicious sort. The first could be a useful utility released free of charge but using advertising to generate revenue to support development - similar to TV commercials. You're not required to watch, but if you do you get ads along with content. Often this type of software is also available in ad-free form for a modest price.The other, more malicious, type monitors your browsing habits and delivers targeted advertising. This type of software may be considered a type of spyware, especially if it's installed without your knowledge and consent. When does adware becomes spyware? A gray area. Some software vendors claim that disclosing the inclusion of this type of software in the user agreement grants legal consent for its installation. Most users, obviously, don't read the fine print, which is full of legal jargon and unattractively formatted.SpywareSpyware can have a more insidious meaning, however. This can refer to software which does much more than simply monitor a user's browsing habits. It can also redirect your browser to advertising sites.This type is almost always installed without the user's consent or knowledge. It may be hidden in another program or arrive as the payload of a worm or virus. It's also illegal in many countries. In the U.S. the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) has indicted, and in some cases convicted, several purveyors.Some software vendors require the user to install spyware as part of a package. File sharing utilities like Kazaa or BearShare are notorious for this practice. Its inclusion is declared in the user agreement but users don't have the option of not installing it - if they want the main program they have to install the spyware as well. Annoying, but legal.The spyware installed with these, and many other, programs gather information about web browsing habits so that targeted advertising can be delivered to the user. 'Targeted' advertising is designed to be presented to specific groups, selected by analyzing their buying or browsing habits. Selections are made by discovering gender, age, frequently visited sites or by other criteria.Spyware vendors argue that it doesn't collect specific personal information and there's an active controversy over whether it constitutes legitimate market analysis or privacy violation. Most users find it annoying at best and intrusive in the main. Advertisers claim it's the best way to deliver products and services to potential new customers who may actually end up wanting what's offered. Legally, they assert, it's just another form of free speech. Users retort that the advertisers' free speech doesn't reach to their browser or e-mail Inbox.The argument isn't likely to be settled soon. New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Malware: Spyware And Adware
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Malware is any program designed to do harm, though sometimes what's considered harmful is a bit vague. Viruses, Trojans, spyware, adware, pop-ups, even spam and more have all qualified. Sometimes, though, one man's junk is another man's treasure.AdwareAdware actually has two flavors - software supported with advertising, or a more malicious sort. The first could be a useful utility released free of charge but using advertising to generate revenue to support development - similar to TV commercials. You're not required to watch, but if you do you get ads along with content. Often this type of software is also available in ad-free form for a modest price.The other, more malicious, type monitors your browsing habits and delivers targeted advertising. This type of software may be considered a type of spyware, especially if it's installed without your knowledge and consent. When does adware becomes spyware? A gray area. Some software vendors claim that disclosing the inclusion of this type of software in the user agreement grants legal consent for its installation. Most users, obviously, don't read the fine print, which is full of legal jargon and unattractively formatted.SpywareSpyware can have a more insidious meaning, however. This can refer to software which does much more than simply monitor a user's browsing habits. It can also redirect your browser to advertising sites.This type is almost always installed without the user's consent or knowledge. It may be hidden in another program or arrive as the payload of a worm or virus. It's also illegal in many countries. In the U.S. the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) has indicted, and in some cases convicted, several purveyors.Some software vendors require the user to install spyware as part of a package. File sharing utilities like Kazaa or BearShare are notorious for this practice. Its inclusion is declared in the user agreement but users don't have the option of not installing it - if they want the main program they have to install the spyware as well. Annoying, but legal.The spyware installed with these, and many other, programs gather information about web browsing habits so that targeted advertising can be delivered to the user. 'Targeted' advertising is designed to be presented to specific groups, selected by analyzing their buying or browsing habits. Selections are made by discovering gender, age, frequently visited sites or by other criteria.Spyware vendors argue that it doesn't collect specific personal information and there's an active controversy over whether it constitutes legitimate market analysis or privacy violation. Most users find it annoying at best and intrusive in the main. Advertisers claim it's the best way to deliver products and services to potential new customers who may actually end up wanting what's offered. Legally, they assert, it's just another form of free speech. Users retort that the advertisers' free speech doesn't reach to their browser or e-mail Inbox.The argument isn't likely to be settled soon. New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Virus Recovery Tips
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Virus Recovery Tips
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Why is a computer virus harmful? For the same basic reason that biological viruses are: they damage components that keep systems healthy.Some are relatively benign - they generate annoying, juvenile messages or crash the system once, then go away. But many are specifically designed to do substantial harm - by deleting files needed to run word processing programs or perform essential operating system tasks. Some prepare the way for further attacks by opening up access to administrative functions.Combating them is simple - install antivirus software, keep it up-to-date and running in the background and don't open email attachments from unknown sources.Nonetheless, odds are high that someday the system will be infected. Important data will be lost, essential program and operating system files will be zapped. Now what?First thing: Don't panic. You may not even be infected. Before implementing a cure you have to diagnose properly.If the system is still functional and you have access to the Internet, search for current, known viruses. Scan your system manually and search the file system for virus programs or infected files. Search memory too - sometimes the little creeps hide there.Test multiple programs and operating system functions. It may be that something just went wrong with one component. Not a fool-proof method, the virus may have just attacked those specific ones.If the system isn't functional, boot the system using an antivirus diskette or CD. You did prepare one, right? No? Er, go back to Step 0 - pre-attack - and (1) prepare bootable antivirus diskettes and a CD, (2) create CD copies of software purchased and/or organize the originals, and (3) backup important data.Scan the system after booting from diskette or CD and look for the virus or infected files. You really are infected? Ok, on to the next phase.If you're running Windows select the boot option: Last Known Good Configuration. It rarely helps, but sometimes you'll get lucky, and if you've re-booted twice you've lost the opportunity.If you're running Windows, check for existence and the dates of key operating system files. (The list is too long to display here. Search Microsoft's web site for 'Operating System files', or make a list from the Windows (or WINNT) directory and System (or System32) sub-directory, of another computer. For the same service pack level, the dates should match other files, for the most part. Check especially kernel32.exe and lsass.exe. Hackers like to go after those two. Fixes from Microsoft update some, but they tend to come in bunches. Just one with a different date is suspect. Yes, no one said this was going to be easy. Windows is to some extent self-protecting and self-healing but far from perfect. Replace those files with good ones, if needed.Again for Windows users, it may be the Registry that's corrupted. There are several useful tools available to fix it. Just search on Windows Registry repair utilities and choose one suitable for your version. Any recommendation made here will be out-of-date in six months, but forums are full of helpful up-to-date opinions.If the problem is only a program - word processing software, or email client or browser, for example - de-install and re-install. Annoying, but usually pretty straight forward, and most programs won't delete any user created data files without prompting you first.In the worst case scenario - lost user data not backed up somewhere (oops, you skipped Step 0) - several commericial Data Recovery services are available that can sometimes get it back. They tend to be expensive, but your data may be worth it. It sounds like magic, but they often can recover at least some even though you've searched thoroughly and the data appears lost.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
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Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Newest Computer Security Articles
Most Popular Computer Security Articles
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September 7, 2009
How To Password-Protect Documents In Your Computer From Prying EyesHow To Get Rid Of Computer Viruses: A Step By Step Guide And Important TipsControl Spyware Infection Or You'll Be Sorry LaterChoose The Best Password: The Key To Your AccountHow To Block Pop-Up Ads In Your PCHow To Protect Yourself From Phishing On The InternetWhen It Pays To Be Paranoid: How To Avoid Keyloggers From Being Installed In Your ComputerHow To Keep Your PC Healthy By Avoiding VirusesData Backups - Why Bother?Parental Control SoftwarePop-upsCombating SpywareVirus Hoaxes, As Bad As The Real Thing?Combating Viruses, Beyond The PCTrojan Horse Viruses, Not A MythWorm Viruses, Deadliest Of AllCombating VirusesWhat Is A Computer Virus, Anyway?Fighting Spam, Part II: Webmaster StrategiesFighting Spam, Part I: User StrategiesVirus Recovery TipsBrowsers, Key To Security?Malware: Spyware And AdwareHome Network Security, SimplifiedFighting Fire With FirewallsFirewalls - Part OneEmail SecurityCommon Spam ScamsWhat Is Spam?Common Computer Firewall Security Questions AnsweredHow To Get Rid Of A Computer VirusHow To Get Rid Of AdwareHow To Get Rid Of SpywareHow To Protect Your Computer From A VirusWhat Features To Look For In Free Downloadable PC Security SoftwareKeeping Your Kids Safe Online At HomeFinding The Best Anti-SpywareHow To Protect Your Computer From VirusesHow To Avoid Being Invaded By Adware And SpywareWhat You Should Know About Phishing?
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Virus Recovery Tips
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Why is a computer virus harmful? For the same basic reason that biological viruses are: they damage components that keep systems healthy.Some are relatively benign - they generate annoying, juvenile messages or crash the system once, then go away. But many are specifically designed to do substantial harm - by deleting files needed to run word processing programs or perform essential operating system tasks. Some prepare the way for further attacks by opening up access to administrative functions.Combating them is simple - install antivirus software, keep it up-to-date and running in the background and don't open email attachments from unknown sources.Nonetheless, odds are high that someday the system will be infected. Important data will be lost, essential program and operating system files will be zapped. Now what?First thing: Don't panic. You may not even be infected. Before implementing a cure you have to diagnose properly.If the system is still functional and you have access to the Internet, search for current, known viruses. Scan your system manually and search the file system for virus programs or infected files. Search memory too - sometimes the little creeps hide there.Test multiple programs and operating system functions. It may be that something just went wrong with one component. Not a fool-proof method, the virus may have just attacked those specific ones.If the system isn't functional, boot the system using an antivirus diskette or CD. You did prepare one, right? No? Er, go back to Step 0 - pre-attack - and (1) prepare bootable antivirus diskettes and a CD, (2) create CD copies of software purchased and/or organize the originals, and (3) backup important data.Scan the system after booting from diskette or CD and look for the virus or infected files. You really are infected? Ok, on to the next phase.If you're running Windows select the boot option: Last Known Good Configuration. It rarely helps, but sometimes you'll get lucky, and if you've re-booted twice you've lost the opportunity.If you're running Windows, check for existence and the dates of key operating system files. (The list is too long to display here. Search Microsoft's web site for 'Operating System files', or make a list from the Windows (or WINNT) directory and System (or System32) sub-directory, of another computer. For the same service pack level, the dates should match other files, for the most part. Check especially kernel32.exe and lsass.exe. Hackers like to go after those two. Fixes from Microsoft update some, but they tend to come in bunches. Just one with a different date is suspect. Yes, no one said this was going to be easy. Windows is to some extent self-protecting and self-healing but far from perfect. Replace those files with good ones, if needed.Again for Windows users, it may be the Registry that's corrupted. There are several useful tools available to fix it. Just search on Windows Registry repair utilities and choose one suitable for your version. Any recommendation made here will be out-of-date in six months, but forums are full of helpful up-to-date opinions.If the problem is only a program - word processing software, or email client or browser, for example - de-install and re-install. Annoying, but usually pretty straight forward, and most programs won't delete any user created data files without prompting you first.In the worst case scenario - lost user data not backed up somewhere (oops, you skipped Step 0) - several commericial Data Recovery services are available that can sometimes get it back. They tend to be expensive, but your data may be worth it. It sounds like magic, but they often can recover at least some even though you've searched thoroughly and the data appears lost.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
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What Is A Computer Virus, Anyway?
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What Is A Computer Virus, Anyway?
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Combating infections and removing viruses is now big business. Lesson one is 'knowing the enemy'.THE ENEMY - Crackers and HackersGeeks make a distinction between crackers, who break into systems to do damage, and hackers who enjoy taking programs apart just to see how they tick. We'll stick with the more common, though less accurate, term of hacker. (The term 'hacker' originally meant 'someone who makes furniture' with an axe. Crude, but effective - like most computer viruses.)Viruses are actually a particular type of computer 'malware' - a general term covering all types of malicious software. The most common types are viruses, worms and Trojan horses.VIRUSESA virus is usually hidden inside another program such as an installation program delivered via e-mail attachment. (Biological viruses require a host organism to live and reproduce, hence the name.) When the 'host' program is run, the virus program also runs. Once it's in memory the virus is able to do its dirty work, which usually includes infecting other programs.After the infection stage of the virus, there's a destructive stage. The virus waits for a pre-determined trigger (such as a specific date or a certain number of times the virus has replicated itself) before delivering its 'payload'. Payloads range from simple messages to file deletion commands to destruction of the core operating system.When first developed, computer viruses were commonly distributed on floppy disks. With the growth of the Internet downloaded files and e-mail are the preferred delivery mechanisms. E-mail can contain attachments which can be any kind of computer file. Any executable file can be infected with a virus, and shouldn't be run unless you're confident they're virus free. WORMSWorms are similar to viruses in that they're self-replicating. They reproduce themselves across networks without human assistance, such as e-mail sending. A worm, though, doesn't need another executable program to be distributed.Worms usually affect networks more than individual computers on the network. Their self-replicating behavior can overload network resources, causing slowdowns in data transmission by consuming massive bandwidth normally used to forward normal traffic. Network systems that route Internet traffic are just specialized computer hardware and software. They, too, can be affected by malware.Worms can also be designed to carry a payload, using a 'backdoor' installation program. A backdoor is a hidden access point to a computer that bypasses the normal login procedure. They're commonly used by spammers to distribute junk e-mail, for example.TROJAN HORSESTrojan horses are the third common type of malware. A 'trojan' is a program that pretends to do one thing but actually does something different. (The term comes from the story of the Greeks who built a large wooden horse in which to hide. Their enemies, the Trojans persuaded they'd receive a gift, took the horse inside their compound giving the Greeks easy access to wreak havoc.) Unlike viruses or worms, a Trojan doesn't replicate itself.Trojans may be hidden in otherwise useful software. Once started they can do almost anything including erasing data, corrupting files, installing backdoors and logging keystrokes so that hackers can steal information such as credit card numbers and passwords.FIGHTING MALWAREElsewhere in the series, we'll discuss what is and can be done to combat the spread of malware. In the interim, just remember not to be passive and expect the problem to be solved by others. Fighting viruses requires active participation from vendors, webmasters AND users. New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Article Views: [ 527 ] Word Count: [ 600 ] [ Print Article ] [ Send Article To A Friend ]
What Is A Computer Virus, Anyway?
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Combating infections and removing viruses is now big business. Lesson one is 'knowing the enemy'.THE ENEMY - Crackers and HackersGeeks make a distinction between crackers, who break into systems to do damage, and hackers who enjoy taking programs apart just to see how they tick. We'll stick with the more common, though less accurate, term of hacker. (The term 'hacker' originally meant 'someone who makes furniture' with an axe. Crude, but effective - like most computer viruses.)Viruses are actually a particular type of computer 'malware' - a general term covering all types of malicious software. The most common types are viruses, worms and Trojan horses.VIRUSESA virus is usually hidden inside another program such as an installation program delivered via e-mail attachment. (Biological viruses require a host organism to live and reproduce, hence the name.) When the 'host' program is run, the virus program also runs. Once it's in memory the virus is able to do its dirty work, which usually includes infecting other programs.After the infection stage of the virus, there's a destructive stage. The virus waits for a pre-determined trigger (such as a specific date or a certain number of times the virus has replicated itself) before delivering its 'payload'. Payloads range from simple messages to file deletion commands to destruction of the core operating system.When first developed, computer viruses were commonly distributed on floppy disks. With the growth of the Internet downloaded files and e-mail are the preferred delivery mechanisms. E-mail can contain attachments which can be any kind of computer file. Any executable file can be infected with a virus, and shouldn't be run unless you're confident they're virus free. WORMSWorms are similar to viruses in that they're self-replicating. They reproduce themselves across networks without human assistance, such as e-mail sending. A worm, though, doesn't need another executable program to be distributed.Worms usually affect networks more than individual computers on the network. Their self-replicating behavior can overload network resources, causing slowdowns in data transmission by consuming massive bandwidth normally used to forward normal traffic. Network systems that route Internet traffic are just specialized computer hardware and software. They, too, can be affected by malware.Worms can also be designed to carry a payload, using a 'backdoor' installation program. A backdoor is a hidden access point to a computer that bypasses the normal login procedure. They're commonly used by spammers to distribute junk e-mail, for example.TROJAN HORSESTrojan horses are the third common type of malware. A 'trojan' is a program that pretends to do one thing but actually does something different. (The term comes from the story of the Greeks who built a large wooden horse in which to hide. Their enemies, the Trojans persuaded they'd receive a gift, took the horse inside their compound giving the Greeks easy access to wreak havoc.) Unlike viruses or worms, a Trojan doesn't replicate itself.Trojans may be hidden in otherwise useful software. Once started they can do almost anything including erasing data, corrupting files, installing backdoors and logging keystrokes so that hackers can steal information such as credit card numbers and passwords.FIGHTING MALWAREElsewhere in the series, we'll discuss what is and can be done to combat the spread of malware. In the interim, just remember not to be passive and expect the problem to be solved by others. Fighting viruses requires active participation from vendors, webmasters AND users. New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Article Views: [ 527 ] Word Count: [ 600 ] [ Print Article ] [ Send Article To A Friend ]
Home Network Security, Simplified
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Home Network Security, Simplified
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Many home users have unknowingly become computer geeks. Not too long ago using the terms 'router' or 'wireless' signaled the presence of the enthusiast or professional. No longer. Now, routers, hubs, switches, Ethernet cards, firewalls and a bewildering array of other network related buzzwords have entered the home.By making the installation of these devices easy and inexpensive, vendors opened new sources of revenue for themselves and offered a significant value to home users. Now multiple home computers could share resources without 'sneaker net' - physically transporting files or moving printer connections. Now the whole family could use a single network connection to the Internet, and often without having to string wires all over the house.What users didn't get is what every networking and computer professional has early on - training in how to secure that gear from hackers.But, don't panic. The settings from the vendor are often quite good. Now, for some guidance...RFM is a common acronym known to computer professionals. For the sake of propriety I'll ignore the middle letter, but the first and last stand for Read the Manual. It'll give you common useful settings and configuration information. Now read it again.ROUTER PORTSFirst, change the password and if possible rename the administrator account. The person who bought the same model you did has that information, and he may not be as trustworthy as you.Port 80 is the standard for HTTP, needed for any web browsing. 'Ports' are network numbers used by software to distinguish traffic. Open that, but only for specific IP addresses or ranges going out. That way, only known computers can generate traffic out of your home network.That tip is imperfect if you acquire an IP address automatically. I.e. use DHCP, as most do. But many providers allow you to purchase one static address for your router. That's the one that should have access out.Why do you care about traffic going out? Because you can infect others. Practice safe networking. Don't spread viruses. Also, if you have wireless - see below - you may not know who's on your network. Even if you don't and you're not home, no one can sneak in with a laptop and get out of your network. Yes, it's happened.You'll have to open Port 80 for all incoming traffic, unless you want to try to track which sites have which IP address - nearly impossible.If you use a desktop e-mail client, rather than being entirely browser based, you need to open Port 25 for outgoing mail (SMTP) and 110 for incoming (POP3, ignore the acronym meanings).And that's ALL... usually.Manual or desktop FTP clients, which you should avoid because of their weak security, will need another, and specialized programs will require a few others. In most cases you'll find their numbers easily discoverable. Keep them to the bare minimum. The rule of thumb with network security is: everything closed by default, allow only those truly needed and only to those who need it.By the way, if these sound a lot like firewall settings it's because routers and firewalls have some overlapping functionality. Routers route traffic, firewalls prevent or allow it.WIRELESS NETWORKSIf you have wireless gear, you have more to do. Some, by default, allow anyone nearby to use them to access that network and hence the Internet. That means not only the teenager in the upstairs bedroom, but the neighbor next door and the hacker parked at the curb can access resources inside your home. Yes, that does happen.Lock down your wireless gear by, you guessed it, reading the manual to learn how to configure passwords and implement any other security features available.It isn't necessary to dedicate your life to becoming a network or security expert in order to safeguard your resources. But having a home network connected to the Internet via a home router, puts you at extra risk compared to dial-up or single-connection users.If you don't spend a modest amount of time to take simple steps today, someday you may spend much more after you've been hacked.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
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Article Views: [ 358 ] Word Count: [ 709 ] [ Print Article ] [ Send Article To A Friend ]
Home Network Security, Simplified
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Many home users have unknowingly become computer geeks. Not too long ago using the terms 'router' or 'wireless' signaled the presence of the enthusiast or professional. No longer. Now, routers, hubs, switches, Ethernet cards, firewalls and a bewildering array of other network related buzzwords have entered the home.By making the installation of these devices easy and inexpensive, vendors opened new sources of revenue for themselves and offered a significant value to home users. Now multiple home computers could share resources without 'sneaker net' - physically transporting files or moving printer connections. Now the whole family could use a single network connection to the Internet, and often without having to string wires all over the house.What users didn't get is what every networking and computer professional has early on - training in how to secure that gear from hackers.But, don't panic. The settings from the vendor are often quite good. Now, for some guidance...RFM is a common acronym known to computer professionals. For the sake of propriety I'll ignore the middle letter, but the first and last stand for Read the Manual. It'll give you common useful settings and configuration information. Now read it again.ROUTER PORTSFirst, change the password and if possible rename the administrator account. The person who bought the same model you did has that information, and he may not be as trustworthy as you.Port 80 is the standard for HTTP, needed for any web browsing. 'Ports' are network numbers used by software to distinguish traffic. Open that, but only for specific IP addresses or ranges going out. That way, only known computers can generate traffic out of your home network.That tip is imperfect if you acquire an IP address automatically. I.e. use DHCP, as most do. But many providers allow you to purchase one static address for your router. That's the one that should have access out.Why do you care about traffic going out? Because you can infect others. Practice safe networking. Don't spread viruses. Also, if you have wireless - see below - you may not know who's on your network. Even if you don't and you're not home, no one can sneak in with a laptop and get out of your network. Yes, it's happened.You'll have to open Port 80 for all incoming traffic, unless you want to try to track which sites have which IP address - nearly impossible.If you use a desktop e-mail client, rather than being entirely browser based, you need to open Port 25 for outgoing mail (SMTP) and 110 for incoming (POP3, ignore the acronym meanings).And that's ALL... usually.Manual or desktop FTP clients, which you should avoid because of their weak security, will need another, and specialized programs will require a few others. In most cases you'll find their numbers easily discoverable. Keep them to the bare minimum. The rule of thumb with network security is: everything closed by default, allow only those truly needed and only to those who need it.By the way, if these sound a lot like firewall settings it's because routers and firewalls have some overlapping functionality. Routers route traffic, firewalls prevent or allow it.WIRELESS NETWORKSIf you have wireless gear, you have more to do. Some, by default, allow anyone nearby to use them to access that network and hence the Internet. That means not only the teenager in the upstairs bedroom, but the neighbor next door and the hacker parked at the curb can access resources inside your home. Yes, that does happen.Lock down your wireless gear by, you guessed it, reading the manual to learn how to configure passwords and implement any other security features available.It isn't necessary to dedicate your life to becoming a network or security expert in order to safeguard your resources. But having a home network connected to the Internet via a home router, puts you at extra risk compared to dial-up or single-connection users.If you don't spend a modest amount of time to take simple steps today, someday you may spend much more after you've been hacked.New! Ezy-Internet Safety Guide is the perfect blueprint to the truth about Internet safety. Learn everything you need to know about making your computer safer, safety software that works and how to avoid all the nasty spyware, malware, viruses, worms and trojans.
This free article is provided by the FreeArticles.com Free Articles Directory for educational purposes ONLY! It cannot be reprinted or redistributed under any circumstances.
Article Copyright By Author. All Rights Reserved Worldwide.
Last Updated: December 26, 2007 -->
-->
Article Views: [ 358 ] Word Count: [ 709 ] [ Print Article ] [ Send Article To A Friend ]
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